📘 PRESCRIBING FOUNDATIONS & CALCULATIONS
📝 Anatomy of a safe prescription
🎯 Rational prescribing: the six-step method
🪪 Patient identity and essential details
📋 Taking a complete medication history
⚠️ Drug allergy versus intolerance
💊 Generic names and medicine identification
⚖️ Strength, dose and formulation
⏰ Frequency and timing instructions
💉 Choosing and specifying the route
📅 Duration, quantity and review date
🆘 Writing a complete PRN order
✍️ Avoiding dangerous abbreviations
🔢 Units, decimal points and conversions
🧮 Tablet and capsule calculations
🥄 Liquid medicine calculations
👶 Weight-based paediatric calculations
💧 Infusion-rate calculations
➗ Per-dose versus per-day instructions
📊 Loading and maintenance doses
⌛ Half-life, accumulation and steady state

🛡️ PATIENT FACTORS & MEDICINE SAFETY
🫘 Prescribing in kidney impairment
🩺 Prescribing in liver impairment
🤰 Medicines during pregnancy
🤱 Medicines during breastfeeding
👴 Prescribing for older adults
🧒 Prescribing safely for children
⚖️ Dosing weight in obesity
🔄 Drug-drug interactions
🍽️ Food, supplements and medicine timing
🚫 Contraindications and precautions
⚠️ Recognising adverse drug reactions
📢 Reporting reactions through PvPI
💊 Polypharmacy: review the whole regimen
📉 Deprescribing with a plan
🚨 High-alert medicines
🔍 Look-alike and sound-alike medicines
🧩 Fixed-dose combinations: check every ingredient
⚖️ Prescription-only and controlled medicines in India
💻 Electronic prescriptions: avoiding digital errors
🔗 Medication reconciliation at transitions

🦠 ANTIMICROBIALS & INFECTION DECISIONS
💊 Antibiotic prescribing: start with the syndrome
🌍 Understanding the WHO AWaRe groups
🧫 Cultures and antimicrobial susceptibility
⏳ Antibiotic review at 48–72 hours
🛡️ Penicillins: key prescribing checks
🪜 Cephalosporins: spectrum is not a ladder
❤️ Macrolides: interactions and cardiac risk
🥛 Doxycycline: administration matters
⚠️ Fluoroquinolones: use with justification
📊 Aminoglycosides: monitoring is part of the order
🦠 Metronidazole: match the organism and context
🚽 Antibiotic-associated diarrhoea
🫘 Urinary symptoms: classify before prescribing
🤧 Upper-respiratory illness: avoiding unnecessary antibiotics
🫁 Pneumonia: severity determines the setting
🩹 Skin infections: source control and diagnosis
🌡️ Undifferentiated fever and suspected dengue
🫁 Tuberculosis prescriptions: programme-based care
🍄 Antifungals: topical or systemic?
🦠 Antivirals: timing and organ function

💊 COMMON MEDICINES & CARDIOVASCULAR CARE
🌡️ Paracetamol: prevent hidden duplication
🩹 NSAIDs: pain relief with risk assessment
⚠️ Opioids: specify formulation and monitoring
📅 Systemic corticosteroids: plan the course
🤧 Antihistamines: sedation still matters
🛡️ Proton-pump inhibitors: a reason and review
🤢 Antiemetics: treat the cause and choose safely
💧 ORS and zinc: diarrhoea care priorities
🚽 Laxatives: match the problem
🩸 Oral iron: elemental amount and response
🦴 Vitamin D and calcium: units and purpose
🫘 ACE inhibitors and ARBs: renal and potassium checks
❤️ Calcium-channel blockers: know the subtype
💧 Diuretics: fluid balance and electrolytes
💓 Beta-blockers: pulse, indication and withdrawal
📉 Statins: risk reduction and muscle symptoms
🩸 Antiplatelets: indication, duration and bleeding
🧪 Warfarin: the INR-linked prescription
⚖️ DOACs: dose criteria are drug-specific
💉 Heparins: prophylaxis is not treatment

🩺 ENDOCRINE, RESPIRATORY & PRACTICAL CARE
🫘 Metformin: kidney function and tolerability
🍽️ Sulfonylureas: meals and hypoglycaemia
⚠️ SGLT2 inhibitors: illness and ketoacidosis risk
💉 Insulin: product, units and device
🍬 Hypoglycaemia: immediate safety and prevention
⏰ Levothyroxine: consistency and separation
🌬️ Inhaler technique: match the device
🫁 Asthma: anti-inflammatory treatment and review
🌬️ COPD: inhalers chosen for the patient
🧠 Antiseizure medicines: continuity and interactions
💬 Antidepressants: follow-up is part of treatment
😴 Sedatives and benzodiazepines: define the exit
🧴 Topical prescriptions: site, amount and duration
👁️ Eye drops: specify the eye and recognise red flags
👂 Ear drops: examine before selecting
💉 Vaccine orders: product, schedule and record
🤝 Adherence: make the plan usable
⏰ Missed doses: avoid a universal catch-up rule
📊 Monitoring: specify the test and owner
✅ The final prescription safety audit